Parallel vectors dot product

So the dot product of this vector and this vector is 19. Let me do one more example, although I think this is a pretty straightforward idea. Let me do it in mauve. OK. Say I had the vector 1, 2, 3 and I'm going to dot that with the vector minus 2, 0, 5. So it's 1 times minus 2 plus 2 times 0 plus 3 times 5.

Parallel vectors dot product. Dot product. In mathematics, the dot product or scalar product [note 1] is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers (usually coordinate vectors ), and returns a single number. In Euclidean geometry, the dot product of the Cartesian coordinates of two vectors is widely used. It is often called the inner product (or ...

Either one can be used to find the angle between two vectors in R^3, but usually the dot product is easier to compute. If you are not in 3-dimensions then the dot product is the only way …

Question: 1) The dot product between two parallel vectors is: a) A vector parallel to a third unit vector b) A vector parallel to one of the two original ...So, the three vectors above are all parallel to each other. Subsection 6.2 Vector addition. The second key operation is vector addition, adding one vector to another. ... To find the angle between two vectors, we use the dot product formula. So, to find the angle between \(\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \langle a_2 b_3 - a_3 b_2, a_3 b_1 - a_1 b_3, a_1 b_2 - a_2 …A convenient method of computing the cross product starts with forming a particular 3 × 3 matrix, or rectangular array. The first row comprises the standard unit vectors →i, →j, and →k. The second and third rows are the vectors →u and →v, respectively. Using →u and →v from Example 10.4.1, we begin with:Next, the dot product of the vectors (0, 7) and (0, 9) is (0, 7) ⋅ (0, 9) = 0 ⋅ 0 + 7 ⋅ 9 = 0 + 6 3 = 6 3. Therefore, (0, 7) and (0, 9) are not perpendicular. The final pair of vectors in option D, (3, 0) and (0, 6), have a dot product of (3, 0) ⋅ (0, 6) = 3 ⋅ 0 + 0 ⋅ 6 = 0 + 0 = 0. As the dot product is equal to zero, (3, 0) and (0 ... We have just shown that the cross product of parallel vectors is \(\vec 0\). This hints at something deeper. Theorem 86 related the angle between two vectors and …Figure 10.30: Illustrating the relationship between the angle between vectors and the sign of their dot product. We can use Theorem 86 to compute the dot product, but generally this theorem is used to find the angle between known vectors (since the dot product is generally easy to compute). To this end, we rewrite the theorem's equation as

We now effectively calculated the angle between these two vectors. The dot product proves very useful when doing lighting calculations later on. Cross product. The cross product is only defined in 3D space and takes two non-parallel vectors as input and produces a third vector that is orthogonal to both the input vectors. If both the input ...The dot product of any two parallel vectors is just the product of their magnitudes. Let us consider two parallel vectors a and b. Then the angle between them is θ = 0. By the definition of dot product, a · b = | a | | b | cos θ = | a | | b | cos 0 = | a | | b | (1) (because cos 0 = 1) = | a | | b |Re: "[the dot product] seems almost useless to me compared with the cross product of two vectors ". Please see the Wikipedia entry for Dot Product to learn more about the significance of the dot-product, and for graphic displays which help visualize what the dot product signifies (particularly the geometric interpretation). Also, you'll learn more there …Dot product of two vectors. The dot product of two vectors A and B is defined as the scalar value AB cos θ cos. ⁡. θ, where θ θ is the angle between them such that 0 ≤ θ ≤ π 0 ≤ θ ≤ π. It is denoted by A⋅ ⋅ B by placing a dot sign between the vectors. So we have the equation, A⋅ ⋅ B = AB cos θ cos.I've learned that in order to know "the angle" between two vectors, I need to use Dot Product. This gives me a value between $1$ and $-1$. $1$ means they're parallel to each other, facing same direction (aka the angle between them is $0^\circ$). $-1$ means they're parallel and facing opposite directions ($180^\circ$).A vector has magnitude and direction. There is an algebra and geometry of vectors which makes addition, subtraction, and scaling well-defined. The scalar or dot product of vectors measures the angle between them, in a way. It's useful to show if two vectors are perpendicular or parallel. Matthew Leingang Follow.

The dot product of two vectors is the product of the magnitude of one vector with the resolved component of the other in the direction of the first vector. This is also known as a scalar product. ... The cross product of two parallel vectors is a zero vector. \(\begin{array}{l}\vec{A}\times \vec{B}=AB\sin \theta \hat{n} = 0\end{array} \) For ...In a geometric sense, the dot product tells you how much of the vector a is pointing in the same direction as the vector b. To do so, you need to project the vector a onto the vector b .1. The norm (or "length") of a vector is the square root of the inner product of the vector with itself. 2. The inner product of two orthogonal vectors is 0. 3. And the cos of the angle between two vectors is the inner product of those vectors divided by the norms of those two vectors. Hope that helps!I Geometric definition of dot product. I Orthogonal vectors. I Dot product and orthogonal projections. I Properties of the dot product. I Dot product in vector components. I Scalar and vector projection formulas. The dot product of two vectors is a scalar Definition Let v , w be vectors in Rn, with n = 2,3, having length |v |and |w|We can conclude from this equation that the dot product of two perpendicular vectors is zero, because \(\cos \ang{90} = 0\text{,}\) and that the dot product of two parallel vectors is the product of their magnitudes. When dotting unit vectors which have a magnitude of one, the dot products of a unit vector with itself is one and the dot product ...

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We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Normal Vectors and Cross Product. Given two vectors A and B, the cross product A x B is orthogonal to both A and to B. This is very useful for constructing normals. Example (Plane Equation Example revisited) Given, P = (1, 1, 1), Q = (1, 2, 0), R = (-1, 2, 1). Find the equation of the plane through these points.Types of Vectors. \big (\vec {0}\big) (0) or zero vector. Its magnitude is zero and its direction is indeterminate. Unit vector: A vector whose magnitude is unity (1 unit) is called a unit vector. If. . \vec {b} b are said to be equal if they …Viewed 2k times. 1. I am having a heck of a time trying to figure out how to get a simple Dot Product calculation to parallel process on a Fortran code compiled by the Intel ifort compiler v 16. I have the section of code below, it is part of a program used for a more complex process, but this is where most of the time is spent by the program:In mathematics, the dot product or scalar product is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers (usually coordinate vectors), and returns a single number.In Euclidean geometry, the dot product of the Cartesian coordinates of two vectors is widely used. It is often called the inner product (or rarely projection product) of Euclidean space, even though it is not the ...

This tutorial is a short and practical introduction to linear algebra as it applies to game development. Linear algebra is the study of vectors and their uses. Vectors have many applications in both 2D and 3D development and Godot uses them extensively. Developing a good understanding of vector math is essential to becoming a strong game developer.These forces are the projections of the force vector onto vectors parallel and perpendicular to the roof. Suppose the roof is tilted at a 30∘ 30 ∘ angle ...In case a and b are parallel vectors, the resultant shall be zero as sin(0) = 0. Properties of Cross Product. Cross Product generates a vector quantity. The resultant is always perpendicular to both a and b. Cross Product of parallel vectors/collinear vectors is zero as sin(0) = 0. i × i = j × j = k × k = 0We can conclude from this equation that the dot product of two perpendicular vectors is zero, because \(\cos \ang{90} = 0\text{,}\) and that the dot product of two parallel vectors is the product of their magnitudes. When dotting unit vectors which have a magnitude of one, the dot products of a unit vector with itself is one and the dot product ...We can conclude from this equation that the dot product of two perpendicular vectors is zero, because \(\cos \ang{90} = 0\text{,}\) and that the dot product of two parallel vectors is the product of their magnitudes. When dotting unit vectors which have a magnitude of one, the dot products of a unit vector with itself is one and the dot product ... Collinear or Parallel vectors. Vectors are said to be collinear or parallel if ... The scalar product of two vectors and is defined as the number , where is ...Apr 13, 2017 · For your specific question of why the dot product is 0 for perpendicular vectors, think of the dot product as the magnitude of one of the vectors times the magnitude of the part of the other vector that points in the same direction. So, the closer the two vectors' directions are, the bigger the dot product. When they are perpendicular, none of ... The dot product has some familiar-looking properties that will be useful later, so we list them here. These may be proved by writing the vectors in coordinate form and then performing the indicated calculations; subsequently it can be easier to use the properties instead of calculating with coordinates. Theorem 6.8. Dot Product Properties.In conclusion to this section, we want to stress that “dot product” and “cross product” are entirely different mathematical objects that have different meanings. The dot product is a scalar; the cross product is a vector. Later chapters use the terms dot product and scalar product interchangeably.

Any vector can be represented in space using the unit vector. The dot product of orthogonal unit vectors is always zero. The cross product of parallel unit vectors is always zero. Two unit vectors are collinear if their cross product is zero. The norm of a vector is a real non-negative value that represents its magnitude.

In case a and b are parallel vectors, the resultant shall be zero as sin(0) = 0. Properties of Cross Product. Cross Product generates a vector quantity. The resultant is always perpendicular to both a and b. Cross Product of parallel vectors/collinear vectors is zero as sin(0) = 0. i × i = j × j = k × k = 0The product of a normal vector and a vector on the plane gives 0. This forms an equation we can use to get all values of the position vectors on the plane when we set the points of the vectors on the plane to variables x, y, and z.Short answer: The scalar product of two parallel unit vectors A and B can be either 1 or -1. This depends on whether they point in the same direction ...The inner product in this case consists of taking the length of →a multiplied by a factor equal to the length of the green arrow which is just |→b|cosθ. In ...Use this shortcut: Two vectors are perpendicular to each other if their dot product is 0. Example 2.5.1 2.5. 1. The two vectors u→ = 2, −3 u → = 2, − 3 and v→ = −8,12 v → = − 8, 12 are parallel to each other since the angle between them is 180∘ 180 ∘.So the cosine of zero. So these are parallel vectors. And when we think of think of the dot product, we're gonna multiply parallel components. Well, these vectors air perfectly …So, the three vectors above are all parallel to each other. Subsection 6.2 Vector addition. The second key operation is vector addition, adding one vector to another. ... To find the angle between two vectors, we use the dot product formula. So, to find the angle between \(\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \langle a_2 b_3 - a_3 b_2, a_3 b_1 - a_1 b_3, a_1 b_2 - a_2 …Benioff's recession strategy centers on boosting profitability instead of growing sales or making acquisitions. Jump to Marc Benioff has raised the alarm on a US recession, drawing parallels between the coming downturn and both the dot-com ...May 8, 2017 · Dot products are very geometric objects. They actually encode relative information about vectors, specifically they tell us "how much" one vector is in the direction of another. Particularly, the dot product can tell us if two vectors are (anti)parallel or if they are perpendicular. Two vectors u = ux,uy u → = u x, u y and v = vx,vy v → = v x, v y are orthogonal (perpendicular to each other) if the angle between them is 90∘ 90 ∘ or 270∘ 270 ∘. Use …

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1. The norm (or "length") of a vector is the square root of the inner product of the vector with itself. 2. The inner product of two orthogonal vectors is 0. 3. And the cos of the angle between two vectors is the inner product of those vectors divided by the norms of those two vectors. Hope that helps!Jun 15, 2021 · The dot product of →v and →w is given by. For example, let →v = 3, 4 and →w = 1, − 2 . Then →v ⋅ →w = 3, 4 ⋅ 1, − 2 = (3)(1) + (4)( − 2) = − 5. Note that the dot product takes two vectors and produces a scalar. For that reason, the quantity →v ⋅ →w is often called the scalar product of →v and →w. Find a .NET development company today! Read client reviews & compare industry experience of leading dot net developers. Development Most Popular Emerging Tech Development Languages QA & Support Related articles Digital Marketing Most Popula...The dot product of parallel vectors. The dot product of the vector is calculated by taking the product of the magnitudes of both vectors. Let us assume two vectors, v and w, which are parallel. Then the angle between them is 0o. Using the definition of the dot product of vectors, we have,When two vectors are parallel, the angle between them is either 0 ∘ or 1 8 0 ∘. Another way in which we can define the dot product of two vectors ⃑ 𝐴 = 𝑎, 𝑎, 𝑎 and ⃑ 𝐵 = 𝑏, 𝑏, 𝑏 is by the formula ⃑ 𝐴 ⋅ ⃑ 𝐵 = 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑎 𝑏. The dot product of two parallel vectors is equal to the product of the magnitude of the two ... The Dot and Cross Product. The Dot Product. Definition. We define the dot product of two vectors. v = a i + b j and w = c i + d j. to be. v . w = ac + bd. Notice that the dot product of two vectors is a number and not a vector. For 3 dimensional vectors, we define the dot product similarly:The dot product is a negative number when 90° < \(\varphi\) ≤ 180° and is a positive number when 0° ≤ \(\phi\) < 90°. Moreover, the dot product of two parallel vectors is \(\vec{A} \cdotp \vec{B}\) = AB cos 0° = AB, and the dot product of two antiparallel vectors is \(\vec{A}\; \cdotp \vec{B}\) = AB cos 180° = −AB.dot product: the result of the scalar multiplication of two vectors is a scalar called a dot product; also called a scalar product: equal vectors: two vectors are equal if and only if all their corresponding components are equal; alternately, two parallel vectors of equal magnitudes: magnitude: length of a vector: null vectorThis page titled 2.4: The Dot Product of Two Vectors, the Length of a Vector, and the Angle Between Two Vectors is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Denny Burzynski (Downey Unified School District) . ….

Figure 10.30: Illustrating the relationship between the angle between vectors and the sign of their dot product. We can use Theorem 86 to compute the dot product, but generally this theorem is used to find the angle between known vectors (since the dot product is generally easy to compute). To this end, we rewrite the theorem's equation asIf the angle between two vectors is zero then the vectors are called parallel vectors. They have similar directions but the magnitude may or may not be the same. Orthogonal Vectors. ... Find the dot product of vectors P(1, 3, -5) and Q(7, -6, -2). Solution: We know that dot product of the vector is calculated by the formula, P.Q = P 1 …Scalar Triple Product of Vectors. The scalar triple product is one of the important concepts of vector algebra in which we take the product of three vectors. This can be performed by taking the dot product of one vector with the cross product of the other two vectors, and results in some scalar quantity, as the dot product always gives some ...The dot product is a negative number when 90 ° < φ ≤ 180 ° 90 ° < φ ≤ 180 ° and is a positive number when 0 ° ≤ φ < 90 ° 0 ° ≤ φ < 90 °. Moreover, the dot product of two parallel vectors is A → · B → = A B cos 0 ° = A B A → · B → = A B cos 0 ° = A B, and the dot product of two antiparallel vectors is A → · B ...1. Adding →a to itself b times (b being a number) is another operation, called the scalar product. The dot product involves two vectors and yields a number. – user65203. May 22, 2014 at 22:40. Something not mentioned but of interest is that the dot product is an example of a bilinear function, which can be considered a generalization of ...6 Answers Sorted by: 2 Two vectors are parallel iff the absolute value of their dot product equals the product of their lengths. Iff their dot product equals the product of their lengths, then they “point in the same direction”. Share Cite Follow answered Apr 15, 2018 at 9:27 Michael Hoppe 17.8k 3 32 49 Hi, could you explain this further?Need a dot net developer in Hyderabad? Read reviews & compare projects by leading dot net developers. Find a company today! Development Most Popular Emerging Tech Development Languages QA & Support Related articles Digital Marketing Most Po...1. Adding →a to itself b times (b being a number) is another operation, called the scalar product. The dot product involves two vectors and yields a number. – user65203. May 22, 2014 at 22:40. Something not mentioned but of interest is that the dot product is an example of a bilinear function, which can be considered a generalization of ... Parallel vectors dot product, 11.3. The Dot Product. The previous section introduced vectors and described how to add them together and how to multiply them by scalars. This section introduces a multiplication on vectors called the dot product. Definition 11.3.1 Dot Product. (a) Let u → = u 1, u 2 and v → = v 1, v 2 in ℝ 2., We can use the form of the dot product in Equation 12.3.1 to find the measure of the angle between two nonzero vectors by rearranging Equation 12.3.1 to solve for the cosine of the angle: cosθ = ⇀ u ⋅ ⇀ v ‖ ⇀ u‖‖ ⇀ v‖. Using this equation, we can find the cosine of the angle between two nonzero vectors., It is simply the product of the modules of the two vectors (with positive or negative sign depending upon the relative orientation of the vectors). A typical example of this situation is when you evaluate the WORK done by a force → F during a displacement → s. For example, if you have: Work done by force → F: W = ∣∣ ∣→ F ∣∣ ..., A convenient method of computing the cross product starts with forming a particular 3 × 3 matrix, or rectangular array. The first row comprises the standard unit vectors →i, →j, and →k. The second and third rows are the vectors →u and →v, respectively. Using →u and →v from Example 10.4.1, we begin with:, Parallel vectors . Two vectors are parallel when the angle between them is either 0° (the vectors point . in the same direction) or 180° (the vectors point in opposite directions) as shown in . the figures below. Orthogonal vectors . Two vectors are orthogonal when the angle between them is a right angle (90°). The . dot product of two ..., Two or more vectors are said to be parallel vectors if they have the same direction but not necessarily the same magnitude. The angles of the direction of parallel vectors differ by zero degrees. ... Dot Product of Vectors: The individual components of the two vectors to be multiplied are multiplied and the result is added to get the dot ..., Dot product is also known as scalar product and cross product also known as vector product. Dot Product – Let we have given two vector A = a1 * i + a2 * j + a3 * k and B = b1 * i + b2 * j + b3 * k. Where i, j and k are the unit vector along the x, y and z directions. Then dot product is calculated as dot product = a1 * b1 + a2 * b2 + a3 * b3., Jan 16, 2023 · The dot product of v and w, denoted by v ⋅ w, is given by: v ⋅ w = v1w1 + v2w2 + v3w3. Similarly, for vectors v = (v1, v2) and w = (w1, w2) in R2, the dot product is: v ⋅ w = v1w1 + v2w2. Notice that the dot product of two vectors is a scalar, not a vector. So the associative law that holds for multiplication of numbers and for addition ... , Find two non-parallel vectors in R 3 that are orthogonal to . v ... The dot product of two vectors is a , not a vector. Answer. Scalar. 🔗. 2. How are the ..., We can use the form of the dot product in Equation 12.3.1 to find the measure of the angle between two nonzero vectors by rearranging Equation 12.3.1 to solve for the cosine of the angle: cosθ = ⇀ u ⋅ ⇀ v ‖ ⇀ u‖‖ ⇀ v‖. Using this equation, we can find the cosine of the angle between two nonzero vectors. , The magnitude of the vector product →A × →B of the vectors →A and →B is defined to be product of the magnitude of the vectors →A and →B with the sine of the angle θ between the two vectors, The angle θ between the vectors is limited to the values 0 ≤ θ ≤ π ensuring that sin(θ) ≥ 0. Figure 17.2 Vector product geometry., Dot product of two vectors Let a and b be two nonzero vectors and θ be the angle between them. The scalar product or dot product of a and b is denoted as a. b = ∣ a ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ b ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ cos θ For eg:- Angle between a = 4 i ^ + 3 j ^ and b = 2 i ^ + 4 j ^ is 0 o. Then, a ⋅ b = ∣ a ∣ ∣ b ∣ cos θ = 5 2 0 = 1 0 5, The dot product of two unit vectors behaves just oppositely: it is zero when the unit vectors are perpendicular and 1 if the unit vectors are parallel. Unit vectors enable two convenient identities: the dot product of two unit vectors yields the cosine (which may be positive or negative) of the angle between the two unit vectors., This physics and precalculus video tutorial explains how to find the dot product of two vectors and how to find the angle between vectors. The full version ..., 2.15. The projection allows to visualize the dot product. The absolute value of the dot product is the length of the projection. The dot product is positive if vpoints more towards to w, it is negative if vpoints away from it. In the next lecture we use the projection to compute distances between various objects. Examples 2.16., So for parallel processing you can divide the vectors of the files among the processors such that processor with rank r processes the vectors r*subdomainsize to (r+1)*subdomainsize - 1. You need to make sure that the vector from correct position is read from the file by a particular processor., So, the three vectors above are all parallel to each other. Subsection 6.2 Vector addition. The second key operation is vector addition, adding one vector to another. ... To find the angle between two vectors, we use the dot product formula. So, to find the angle between \(\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \langle a_2 b_3 - a_3 b_2, a_3 b_1 - a_1 b_3, a_1 b_2 - a_2 …, Dot product of two vectors. The dot product of two vectors A and B is defined as the scalar value AB cos θ cos. ⁡. θ, where θ θ is the angle between them such that 0 ≤ θ ≤ π 0 ≤ θ ≤ π. It is denoted by A⋅ ⋅ B by placing a dot sign between the vectors. So we have the equation, A⋅ ⋅ B = AB cos θ cos., For two vectors \(\vec{A}= \langle A_x, A_y, A_z \rangle\) and \(\vec{B} = \langle B_x, B_y, B_z \rangle,\) the dot product multiplication is computed by summing the products of …, So, the three vectors above are all parallel to each other. Subsection 6.2 Vector addition. The second key operation is vector addition, adding one vector to another. ... To find the angle between two vectors, we use the dot product formula. So, to find the angle between \(\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \langle a_2 b_3 - a_3 b_2, a_3 b_1 - a_1 b_3, a_1 b_2 - a_2 …, We can use the form of the dot product in Equation 12.3.1 to find the measure of the angle between two nonzero vectors by rearranging Equation 12.3.1 to solve for the cosine of the angle: cosθ = ⇀ u ⋅ ⇀ v ‖ ⇀ u‖‖ ⇀ v‖. Using this equation, we can find the cosine of the angle between two nonzero vectors., The product of a normal vector and a vector on the plane gives 0. This forms an equation we can use to get all values of the position vectors on the plane when we set the points of the vectors on the plane to variables x, y, and z., The dot product of parallel vectors. The dot product of the vector is calculated by taking the product of the magnitudes of both vectors. Let us assume two vectors, v and w, which are parallel. Then the angle between them is 0o. Using the definition of the dot product of vectors, we have, v.w=|v| |w| cos θ. This implies as θ=0°, we have. v.w ..., 2.15. The projection allows to visualize the dot product. The absolute value of the dot product is the length of the projection. The dot product is positive if vpoints more towards to w, it is negative if vpoints away from it. In the next lecture we use the projection to compute distances between various objects. Examples 2.16., I am curious to know whether there is a way to prove that the maximum of the dot product occurs when two vectors are parallel to each other using derivatives ... , Either one can be used to find the angle between two vectors in R^3, but usually the dot product is easier to compute. If you are not in 3-dimensions then the dot product is the only way …, The dot product of two parallel vectors is equal to the product of the magnitude of the two vectors. For two parallel vectors, the angle between the vectors is 0°, and cos 0°= 1. Hence for two parallel vectors a and b …, 6 Answers Sorted by: 2 Two vectors are parallel iff the absolute value of their dot product equals the product of their lengths. Iff their dot product equals the product of their lengths, then they “point in the same direction”. Share Cite Follow answered Apr 15, 2018 at 9:27 Michael Hoppe 17.8k 3 32 49 Hi, could you explain this further?, When two vectors are parallel, the angle between them is either 0 ∘ or 1 8 0 ∘. Another way in which we can define the dot product of two vectors ⃑ 𝐴 = 𝑎, 𝑎, 𝑎 and ⃑ 𝐵 = 𝑏, 𝑏, 𝑏 is by the formula ⃑ 𝐴 ⋅ ⃑ 𝐵 = 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑎 𝑏., Jul 25, 2021 · Definition: The Dot Product. We define the dot product of two vectors v = a i ^ + b j ^ and w = c i ^ + d j ^ to be. v ⋅ w = a c + b d. Notice that the dot product of two vectors is a number and not a vector. For 3 dimensional vectors, we define the dot product similarly: v ⋅ w = a d + b e + c f. , We can use the form of the dot product in Equation 12.3.1 to find the measure of the angle between two nonzero vectors by rearranging Equation 12.3.1 to solve for the cosine of the angle: cosθ = ⇀ u ⋅ ⇀ v ‖ ⇀ u‖‖ ⇀ v‖. Using this equation, we can find the cosine of the angle between two nonzero vectors., Difference between cross product and dot product. 1. The main attribute that separates both operations by definition is that a dot product is the product of the magnitude of vectors and the cosine of the angles between them whereas a cross product is the product of magnitude of vectors and the sine of the angles between them. 2., Property 1: Dot product of two vectors is commutative i.e. a.b = b.a = ab cos θ. Property 2: If a.b = 0 then it can be clearly seen that either b or a is zero or cos θ = 0. It suggests that either of the vectors is zero or they are perpendicular to each other.