Equalizer network

The Equalizer 2. R 2018 Action, Crime, Thriller · 2h 1m. Stream The Equalizer 2. $7.99 / month. Watch Now. Act now and **get a free trial** of Hulu for 1 full month. Robert McCall, who serves an unflinching justice for the exploited and oppressed, embarks on a relentless, globe-trotting quest for vengeance when his former partner is murdered ...

By Nellie Andreeva. April 25, 2024 8:30am. 'The Equalizer,' left, and 'NCIS: Hawai'i' CBS. CBS has picked up a fifth season of drama The Equalizer, starring and executive produced by Queen Latifah ...2.3 Proposed DZNPN cascaded pre-equalizer network. According to section 2.1, nonlinear effects and nonlinear memory effects are also important influencing factors. Therefore, we propose a nonlinear pre-equalization method based on the partial Volterra series and cascade it with the digital Zobel network to construct a cascaded pre-equalizer ...Blue Bloods - Season 14. Bob Hearts Abishola - Season 5. CSI: Vegas - Season 3. The Equalizer - through Season 4. FBI - through Season 6. FBI: International - through Season 3. FBI: Most Wanted ...Advertisement. equalizer network Crossword Clue. The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "equalizer network", 3 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds …Gain Equalizer - RC Network FEATURES • EIA 0402 Case Size • Resistance Range: 10 to 50 Ω typ. • Capacitance Range: 1 to 50 pF typ. • Parallel Configurations • Power Rating: 125 mW • Operating Temperature: -55°C to +125°C • Laser Trimmed Resistors • RoHS Compliant *For other RC Combinations and EIA Sizes contact factory HOW TO ...RC EQUALIZER NETWORK ATC accepts orders for our parts using designations with or without the “ATC” prefix. Both methods of defining the part number are equivalent, i.e., part numbers referenced with the “ATC” prefix are interchangeable to parts referenced without the “ATC” prefix.

The network plans to announce its 2023-24 schedule May 2. “ The Equalizer, led by the incomparable Queen Latifah, has all the best elements of a powerful drama,” CBS Entertainment president ...Best Equalizer Settings for Music. " V-shaped " equalizer settings are a good place to start for finding a fun and dynamic sound for your music. The "V" shape refers to boosting the low frequencies and highest frequencies while attenuating middle frequencies, thus creating a "V" on the equalizer.Impedance Equalization / Zobel Schematic. Where: C z is the calculated Zobel capacitor [F]. Use this online calculator to determine the required Zobel resistor and capacitor. Simply enter R e and L e into the boxes below and click the CALCULATE button. Use the CLEAR button to reset all the values. NOTE: This online calculator requires that ...Jul 15, 2021 ... The authors propose the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based equalizer for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with ..."The Equalizer" network. Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: "The Equalizer" network. We will try to find the right answer to this particular crossword clue. Here are the possible solutions for ""The Equalizer" network" clue. It was last seen in Daily quick crossword. We have 1 possible answer in our database.Gain Equalizer - RC Network FEATURES • EIA 0402 Case Size • Resistance Range: 10 to 50 Ω typ. • Capacitance Range: 1 to 50 pF typ. • Parallel Configurations • Power Rating: 125 mW • Operating Temperature: -55°C to +125°C • Laser Trimmed Resistors • RoHS Compliant *For other RC Combinations and EIA Sizes contact factory HOW TO ...Hello Dosto I am Sanjay Kumar Mishra -----Today's Topic - Equalizer-----...

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on "Shunt Equalizer". 1. In the shunt equalizer, the current flowing from the source is?Abstract: We propose a novel joint neural network equalizer in a 248 Gbit/s VSB PS-PAM8 transmission system at the C-band. The proposed joint neural network equalizer outperforms the conventional neural network equalizer with significant MACC calculation complexity deduction.Crossword Clue. The crossword clue 'The Equalizer' network with 3 letters was last seen on the July 03, 2023. We found 20 possible solutions for this clue. We think the likely answer to this clue is CBS. You can easily improve your search by specifying the number of letters in the answer.Our work will focus on the design of a new neural model called CONEqNet (convolutional music equalizer network). This model will make use of the hierarchical structure of music to determine the mix of genres of a given musical piece at a given time. Once this information has been obtained, the predetermined profiles of these musical genres are ...S2 E3. Oct 24, 2021. McCall is hired by a concerned mother who suspects her teen son has joined a local gang, leading McCall to the boy's surprising motivation behind his spiraling behavior. Also, Delilah faces anxiety as she prepares to speak at her friend Jason's memorial service, and Dante worries when the new detective pursuing McCall sets ...Request PDF | 8.75 Gbps visible light communication link using an artificial neural network equalizer and a single-pixel blue micro-LED | Visible light communication (VLC) beyond 10 Gbps is an ...

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Defender Kelley O'Hara, a two-time world champion and an Olympic gold medalist with the U.S. women's national team, announced Thursday that she will retire from professional soccer following her 2024 NWSL season with NJ/NY Gotham FC. She is also a two-time NWSL champion, with the Washington Spirit in 2021 and Gotham in 2023.of deep neural networks as a way to solve nonlinear compensation in VLC systems. In this paper, we propose and e xperimentally demonstrate a post-equalizer employing a. memory controlled deep 32 ...Abstract: In this paper, we revisit the idea of using deep neural network for channel equalization to account for nonlinear channel distortions as well as temporal variations of radio signals. Our insight is leveraging the the shift-invariant properties of the convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn matched filters analogous to the tap weights of conventional equalizer.Opt. Express 26(25) 32765-32776 (2018) Computational complexity comparison of feedforward/radial basis function/recurrent neural network-based equalizer for a 50-Gb/s PAM4 direct-detection optical link. Zhaopeng Xu, Chuanbowen Sun, Tonghui Ji, Jonathan H. Manton, and William Shieh. Opt. Express 27(25) 36953-36964 (2019)

We propose a scheme of high-speed 100-m POF transmission system based on a visible red laser and a cascaded neural network (NN) post-equalizer. To mitigate the nonlinear distortion induced by the POF, three different NNs, i.e., convolutional NN (CNN), long and short-term memory NN (LSTM), and cascaded NN structure consisting of convolutional ...Apple, Facebook and some 300 other companies are part of a new exchange traded fund tracking companies offering LGBT equality....UBS Apple (AAPL) , Facebook (FB) and some 300 other...The difference of 9 and the quotient of a number T and 6 which equals 5 is either 21 or -21. When T/6 = 5, basic algebra gives the formula T = 6 * 5, which gives T = 30. The differ...We experimentally demonstrate a neural network equalizer with robustness for noisy samples on a silicon photonics coherent transceiver, and a complexity reduction is over 50% at the BER of 1.25e-2 compared with a general NNLE.Earlier or later you will need help to pass this challenging game and our website is here to equip you with "The Equalizer" network Crossword Clue answers and other useful information like tips, solutions and cheats. Just use this page and you will quickly pass the level you stuck in the Crosswords With Friends Midi game.Feb 1, 2024 · Clue & Answer Definitions. EQUALIZER (noun) electronic equipment that reduces frequency distortion. a weight that balances another weight. NETWORK (noun) an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals. (electronics) a system of interconnected electronic components or circuits. NETWORK (verb) The Equalizer: Created by Andrew W. Marlowe, Terri Edda Miller. With Queen Latifah, Tory Kittles, Adam Goldberg, Liza Lapira. An enigmatic figure uses her extensive skills to help those with nowhere else to turn.APconnections provides simple turn-key NetEqualizer bandwidth shaping and Internet/WAN optimization appliances. The NetEqualizer is a flexible, scalable, plug-n-play appliance that reduces network congestion in any network topology, and is deployed successfully in large multi-national corporations, office complexes, universities, schools, and Internet Providers throughout the world.Recurrent neural network based equalizer with parallel outputs is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Result shows that it outperforms fully-connected neural network for 100Gbps/λ PON using 25G-class optics. Hardware implementation issues are also discussed. The main streaming options for watching The Equalizer movies are Peacock Premium for the first film, Hulu for the second film, and Netflix for the third film. Rentals and purchases of the movies are also available on various platforms such as Prime Video, Apple, Google Play, and Vudu. Rentals are priced at $3.99 and purchases at $6.99-$14.99.

The Equalizer. Actors who have starred in The Equalizer media: Edward Woodward in the 1985 TV series, Denzel Washington in the 2010s films, and Queen Latifah in the 2021 series. The Equalizer is an American spy thriller multimedia franchise initially co-created by Michael Sloan and Richard Lindheim. It originated with a CBS television series ...

Clue & Answer Definitions. EQUALIZER (noun) electronic equipment that reduces frequency distortion. a weight that balances another weight. NETWORK (noun) an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals. (electronics) a system of interconnected electronic components or circuits. NETWORK (verb)A fixed-point deep neural network-based equalizer is implemented in FPGA and is shown to outperform MLSE in receiver sensitivity for 50 Gb/s PON downstream link. Embedded parallelization is proposed and verified to reduce hardware resources.Stochastic nonlinear impairment is the primary factor that limits the transmission performance of high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical fiber communication systems. This Letter presents a low-complexity adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (LANFIS) nonlinear …The Equalizer 2 (also promoted as The Equalizer II and EQ2) is a 2018 American vigilante action-thriller film directed by Antoine Fuqua.It is the sequel to the 2014 film The Equalizer, which was based on the TV series of the same name, as well as the second installment of The Equalizer trilogy. The film stars Denzel Washington in the lead role, Pedro Pascal, Ashton Sanders, Melissa Leo, Bill ...Optical nonlinearity impairments have been a major obstacle for high-speed, long-haul and large-capacity optical transmission. In this paper, we propose a novel convolutional neural network (CNN)-based perturbative nonlinearity compensation approach in which we reconstruct a feature map with two channels that rely on first-order perturbation theory and build a classifier and a regressor as a ...The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "The Equalizer" network", 3 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . Enter a Crossword Clue. A clue is required.2611 Oakmont Drive • Round Rock, Texas • 78665; [email protected]; Toll Free USA & Canada: 800.334.1334; International: 512.388.7715This paper presents a novel time-domain equalizer for visible light communication (VLC) system using machine learning (ML) method. In this work, we employ discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) as modem scheme and convolution neural network (CNN) as kernel processing unit of equalizer. After estimating channel state information (CSI) from ...

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• Established high speed campus wide backbone network of 10 Gigabits per second . National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli: Performa for CV of Faculty/ Staff Members ... S. Selvakumar, V. Venkateswaran, "Partition Equalizer: A Scheduler for algorithm agile-encryptor ATM networks" International Journal of Computer Communications, ..."the equalizer" network. Crossword Clue Here is the solution for the "The Equalizer" network clue that appeared on February 1, 2024, in The LA Times Daily puzzle. We have found 20 answers for this clue in our database. The best answer we found was CBS, which has a length of 3 letters. We frequently update ...May 5, 2022 · The network has renewed the drama starring Queen Latifah for two more seasons, which will take The Equalizer through its fourth year in 2023-24. “ The Equalizer continues to pack a powerful ... Jun 29, 2023 ... Having only one hidden layer in Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) makes it the most preferred equalizer to mitigate distortions in ...Equalizer® Authorized Distributor Search. Equalizer® Auto Glass Tools are distributed through a worldwide network of over 1,000 Authorized Distributor locations. We are committed to making sure our Authorized Distributors are trained and supported by Equalizer® staff, through our technical and sales departments. You can feel confident that ...Yes, The Equalizer 3 will be available on 4K UltraUD, Blu-ray, and DVD starting on November 14, 2023. You can use the link below to preorder the film on Amazon. The physical copy of the film comes ...May 5, 2022 6:18am. Queen Latifah in 'The Equalizer.' Michael Greenberg/CBS. CBS is plotting a longer-term future for The Equalizer. The network has renewed the drama …In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a novel Super Gaussian kernel-aided deep neural network (SGK-DNN) equalizer utilized in blue LED CAP 16QAM visible light transparent transmission from 10cm free-space to a 100m fiber. The SGK-DNN equalizer can effectively mitigate the strong nonlinear distortion. The introduce of Super Gaussian kernel can reduce the required training iterations to ...132min. age 16+. 61% 77%. A former commando (Denzel Washington) comes out of retirement and puts his special skills to work to rescue a girl (Chloë Grace Moretz) who is under the control of ruthless Russian mobsters. Retired intelligence operative Robert McCall reluctantly returns to action to protect a young sex worker from the brutal members of the mafia. Watch trailers & learn more. Analog Mixers: Graphic Equalizers. Our Graphic EQs utilize Wein-Bridge filters using precision components and our specially designed summing amplifiers provide extremely accurate response, low noise, negligible distortion, and excellent immunity to magnetic fields. All filters exhibit true constant “Q” response, with absolute minimum ripple.The joint equalizer and decoder based on neural networks are proposed to realize blind equalization and decoding process without the knowledge of channel state information (CSI). Different from previous methods, we use two neural networks instead of one. First, convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to adaptively recover the transmitted ... ….

R 2014 Action, Crime, Thriller · 2h 12m. Stream The Equalizer. $91.99 / month. Subscribe and Watch. McCall believes he has put his mysterious past behind him and dedicated himself to beginning a new, quiet life. But when he meets Teri, a young girl under the control of ultra-violent Russian gangsters, he can't stand idly by - he has to ...Robyn and her crew will be back to help those in need for both the 2022-23 and the 2023-24 network TV seasons. CBS has renewed The Equalizer for two years, seasons three and four. The current ...Controleer of de HAN-poort open is gezet door je netbeheerder. Koppel de Equalizer los en sluit deze weer aan. Na aansluiting op de meter heeft de Equalizer maximaal 30 seconden nodig om op te starten. Neem contact op met het verkooppunt van de Equalizer als het bovenstaande niet heeft geholpen. Aan de slag met de Equalizer.The LMS algorithm was first proposed by Bernard Widrow (a professor at Stanford University) and his PhD student Ted Hoff (the architect of the first microprocessor) in the 1960s. Due to its simplicity and robustness, it has been the most widely used adaptive filtering algorithm in real applications. An LMS equalizer in communication system … In this paper, we demonstrate a novel Gaussian kernel-aided deep neural network (GK-DNN) equalizer that can effectively compensate for the high nonlinear distortion of underwater PAM8 visible light communication (VLC) channels. The application of a Gaussian kernel can reduce the necessary training iterations to 47.06%, enabling it to outperform the traditional DNN equalizer. At the same time ... PNN equalizer can calculate the distribution of the nonlinearity using Bayesian decision theory and thus mitigate the stochastic nonlinear impairment of the received signal. Experimental results show that compared with the convolutional neural network (CNN) equalizer, the PNN equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 0.6dB and 2dB for two ...Our website is the best sours which provides you with LA Times Crossword "The Equalizer" network answers and some additional information like walkthroughs and tips. Using our website you will be able to quickly solve and complete LA Times Crossword game which was created by the LA Times developer together with other games.Equalizer Network. 34 likes. Equalizer Network is a collective of helpful proactive content that is all geared towards continuingBy Nellie Andreeva. April 25, 2024 8:30am. 'The Equalizer,' left, and 'NCIS: Hawai'i' CBS. CBS has picked up a fifth season of drama The Equalizer, starring and executive … Equalizer network, The Equalizer 3 is led by acclaimed Hollywood actor Denzel Washington who also serves as a producer on the movie. He reprises his role as former Marine, Robert McCall. Joining him in the cast is American actress Dakota Fanning, who marks her second on-screen appearance with Denzel Washington after her breakout performance in Man on Fire . , From the main menu, select Products, then select the Equalizer. Press Equalizer settings. The Settings page opens. Press WiFi. Press Search on the WiFi page and connect to your WiFi network. Using the Easee charger. To complete this step your Easee charger and Equalizer must be within 50 meters of each other. Change your Easee charger's WiFi ..., The Equalizer. Denzel Washington plays McCall, a former black ops commando who has faked his death to live a quiet life in Boston. When he comes out of his self-imposed retirement to rescue a young girl, Teri, he finds himself face to face with ultra-violent Russian gangsters. As he serves vengeance against those who brutalize the helpless ..., "The two most important days in your life are the day you're born and the day you find out why." Buckle in for Denzel Washington's most intense work as Rober..., Network Equalizers in Coherent Optical Systems Pedro J. Freire, Yevhenii Osadchuk, Bernhard Spinnler, Antonio Napoli, Wolfgang Schairer, Nelson Costa, Jaroslaw E. Prilepsky, Sergei K. Turitsyn Abstract—We present the results of the comparative analysis of the performance versus complexity for several types of artificial, To calculate the values of the electrical components, you just need some speaker parameters: R = 1.25 * Re. C = Le / R2. R e is the DC resistance of the speaker. L e is the inductance of the voice coil of the speaker. R and C are the values of the resistor and capacitor for the impedance equalization circuit., Here is the answer for the crossword clue "The Equalizer" network featured in LA Times Daily puzzle on January 31, 2024. We have found 40 possible answers for this clue in our database. Among them, one solution stands out with a 95% match which has a length of 3 letters. We think the likely answer to this clue is CBS., "The Equalizer" network is a crossword puzzle clue. Clue: "The Equalizer" network "The Equalizer" network is a crossword puzzle clue that we have spotted 3 times. There are related clues (shown below)., This paper provides guidelines for selecting a suitable NN-based equalizer based on BER and computational complexity requirements and demonstrates that only a few tens of multiplications per symbol are needed for NN -based equalizers to guarantee a good BER performance. The computational complexity and system bit-error-rate (BER) …, Easee Equalizer. Easee Equalizer is a small smart device, designed to optimize your charging experience. It connects to your power meter and automatically balances the total energy level between your Easee EV charger and your building (home, apartment block or commercial building). It enables you to charge smarter, safer, faster and to install ..., The Equalizer. Actors who have starred in The Equalizer media: Edward Woodward in the 1985 TV series, Denzel Washington in the 2010s films, and Queen Latifah in the 2021 series. The Equalizer is an American spy thriller multimedia franchise initially co-created by Michael Sloan and Richard Lindheim. It originated with a CBS television series ..., Nonlinear impairments emerging from both fiber optical links and optoelectrical devices are the major bottleneck for enhancing the throughput of photonic data-center interconnection (DCI). Here, we propose a data-driven nonlinear equalizer based on a conditional generative adversarial network (c-GAN) for high-speed and large-capacity photonic DCI. Its performance is experimentally evaluated by ..., Controleer of de HAN-poort open is gezet door je netbeheerder. Koppel de Equalizer los en sluit deze weer aan. Na aansluiting op de meter heeft de Equalizer maximaal 30 seconden nodig om op te starten. Neem contact op met het verkooppunt van de Equalizer als het bovenstaande niet heeft geholpen. Aan de slag met de Equalizer., Sort. S1 E1 - The Equalizer. February 6, 2021. 44min. 16+. Robyn McCall, an enigmatic former CIA operative, must use her extensive skills to help a teenager accused of murder and on the run from the criminals who framed her for the crime. [Global Channel] S1 E2 - Glory. February 13, 2021., How Is It All Equalized? Equalizers work in ranges, or "bands.". Odds are that your car at the minimum has a dual-band EQ, meaning you can cut and boost the high and low ranges. These are also referred to as "treble" and "bass" bands, respectively. Nicer sound systems may have three, five, or even up to twelve bands., In this paper, we demonstrate a novel Gaussian kernel-aided deep neural network (GK-DNN) equalizer that can effectively compensate for the high nonlinear distortion of underwater PAM8 visible light communication (VLC) channels. The application of a Gaussian kernel can reduce the necessary training iterations to 47.06%, enabling it to outperform the traditional DNN equalizer. At the same time ..., We use a neural network trained jointly by multi-task learning on datasets acquired at multiple wavelengths to mitigate the impact of chromatic dispersion in 4×200Gb/s CWDM4 PAM4 transmission. By sharing a single set of weights among all involved wavelengths, while keeping the biases reconfigurable, we enable logic simplification of multipliers in the VLSI implementation of the neural network ..., The Equalizer: Directed by Antoine Fuqua. With Denzel Washington, Marton Csokas, Chloë Grace Moretz, David Harbour. A man who believes he has put his mysterious past behind him cannot stand idly by when he meets a young girl under the control of ultra-violent Russian gangsters., Jun 27, 2023 · The proposed equalizer consists of a single hidden neural network layer which significantly reduces the overhead computational cost and memory storage requirements of the equalization step. The performance and efficiency of the proposed equalizer are demonstrated through 10 - and 28 -Gbaud short-haul fiber communication systems. , With the deepening of research and the further differentiation of damage types, and to compensate for both linear and nonlinear damage in visible light communication systems (VLCs), we propose a novel discrete wavelet transform-assisted convolutional neural network (DWTCNN) equalizer that combines the advantages of wavelet transform and deep learning methods. More specifically, wavelet ..., Typical Applications. Passive Micro Component group is pleased to introduce the RCN Series next generation of surface mount RC equalizer networks. This product was designed utilizing our proprietary Glass Sandwich Flexiterm® Technology, (GSFT). The Flexiterm® is a surface mountable automotive qualified termination that adds an extra margin ... , The 2021 Equalizer series starring Queen Latifah is currently airing season three on CBS. You can watch new episodes on Sundays at 8 p.m. ET. Other seasons are available on CBS, Paramount+, The ..., Index Terms—Neural network, nonlinear equalizer, overfitting, classification, regression, coherent detection, optical communica-tions, pitfalls. I. INTRODUCTION M ACHINE learning techniques and, more specifically, deep artificial neural networks (NN), are rapidly finding their way into the telecommunication sector, in particular due, The Equalizer 2. R 2018 Action, Crime, Thriller · 2h 1m. Stream The Equalizer 2. $7.99 / month. Watch Now. Act now and **get a free trial** of Hulu for 1 full month. Robert McCall, who serves an unflinching justice for the exploited and oppressed, embarks on a relentless, globe-trotting quest for vengeance when his former partner is murdered ..., The Equalizer: Created by Richard Lindheim, Michael Sloan. With Edward Woodward, Keith Szarabajka, Robert Lansing, Mark Margolis. A retired Intelligence Agent turned private detective helps various threatened clients to equalize the odds., The main streaming options for watching The Equalizer movies are Peacock Premium for the first film, Hulu for the second film, and Netflix for the third film. Rentals and purchases of the movies are also available on various platforms such as Prime Video, Apple, Google Play, and Vudu. Rentals are priced at $3.99 and purchases at $6.99-$14.99., We use a neural network trained jointly by multi-task learning on datasets acquired at multiple wavelengths to mitigate the impact of chromatic dispersion in 4×200Gb/s CWDM4 PAM4 transmission. By sharing a single set of weights among all involved wavelengths, while keeping the biases reconfigurable, we enable logic simplification of multipliers in the VLSI implementation of the neural network ..., The Equalizer is a 2014 American action thriller film directed by Antoine Fuqua and written by Richard Wenk. It is based on the 1980s TV series of the same title and the first of three films starring Denzel Washington in the lead role. The cast includes Marton Csokas, Chloë Grace Moretz, David Harbour, Bill Pullman, and Melissa Leo.Washington plays Robert …, The Equalizer is about to wrap up its first season, with Robyn McCall (played by Queen Latifah) getting equal for one last time this season.With the show one of the breakout network TV hits of the ..., A fixed-point deep neural network-based equalizer is implemented in FPGA and is shown to outperform MLSE in receiver sensitivity for 50 Gb/s PON downstream link. Embedded parallelization is proposed and verified to reduce hardware resources., The 2021 Equalizer series starring Queen Latifah is currently airing season three on CBS. You can watch new episodes on Sundays at 8 p.m. ET. Other seasons are available on CBS, Paramount+, The ..., S4 E4. Mar 18, 2024. After Dante's old training partner is taken hostage while working undercover in an illegal casino, McCall hires J.J., a former gambling addict (guest star Mike Epps), to assist with the mission. Meanwhile, Dee joins a peer counseling group and learns that some students have been bullying her on a social media page., URL shorteners are great for minimizing URLs in a Twitter message or keeping links clean in an email, but as convenient as they are they do introduce an extra point of failure. Wat...